I have a question regarding joint ventures. In Chapter 9. Foreign Operation Modes II you wrote in the learning objectives that we should understand international collaborative ventures and strategic alliances. I have understood what the difference between joint ventures and global strategic alliances is (equity vs. non equity), but I don't know what exactly is ment by collaborative ventures and I couldn't find anything explicit in my notes and the results in google were misleading.
Is collaborative ventures the generic term of all forms of joint ventures (non-equity and equity) or is it another word for equity joint ventures? Or does it have another meaning?
Thank you