All different types of commucation (verbal, non-verbal, written, and visual) consist of a sender (who sends a message in whatever form it might be), a message and a receiver (who receives the message and interprets it in one or in multiple ways). The communication is not simply an act of sending out information, facts, or opinions. In order for the communication to take place, the message has to reach the receiver, who then has to "decode“ the message. Especially when the message is long and complex, such as a process description, it is necessary to help the receiver to decode the message – by using linking words/phrases, often called "discourse markers“. These linking words/phrases can show the link between what has been communicated and what will be communicated further in the text.

There are many linking words/phrases, but the most common are listed below:


Linking words
Generalising: in general, on the whole, by and large, to a great extent, apart from...
Logical consequence:
therefore, as a result, so, then, consequently
Giving opinion:
I think, I feel, in my view (opinion), so to speak, I suppose, I mean
Giving details:
actually, that is to say, in other words
Summing up:
in conclusion, to sum up, in short




最后修改: 2024年06月10日 星期一 08:14