6 - Comp. Advantage of Nations
Section outline
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Unit Objectives- Understand the diamond model including the role of the government and the emergence of industrial clusters
- Explain how nations can enhance their competitive advantage
- Analyze how the competitive advantage of nations and firms are linked
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The IMD report provides a practical, short-term assessment with a focus on economic and business-related factors.
The WEF Global Competitiveness Report (2020) published by the World Economic Forum (WEF) aims to assess the long-term competitiveness of countries and analyze the factors that influence economic growth and productivity. The methodology build on 12 pillars which are closely linked to the Diamond model. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a full GCR was not published in 2020. Instead, the 2020 report focused on “Priorities for economic recovery after the pandemic” and addressed resilience and sustainability as core topics. No updated report has been published since then. -
This and the following videos in this unit give an overview of the main sources of national competitive advantages, based on Porter’s diamond model, and discusses the role of regional clusters of industries. In this context, it is explained, how MNCs can benefit from locating their operations in country markets with a high level of national competitive advantage or in regional industry clusters.
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♦ ♦ ♦ Did You Understand? ♦ ♦ ♦
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♦ ♦ ♦ Exercise Materials ♦ ♦ ♦
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♦ ♦ ♦ Recommended Readings/Resources (optional) ♦ ♦ ♦
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Further Reading: Morschett et al. (2015) Chapter 8, p. 175-188
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For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that the GCR is not the only ranking of country competitiveness. Another is the World Competitiveness Ranking, a ranking of the 60 most competitive countries in the world. The IMD World Competitiveness Center, part of the Swiss International Institute for Management Development (IMD), has been compiling and publishing the ranking since 1989.
In addition, the Bertelsmann Stiftung's International Location Ranking compares the development of the 21 most important industrialized nations in the target areas of the labor market and growth. The aim of the study is to uncover differences in the employment and growth policy success of the countries and to identify key influencing factors that are responsible for these differences. The study is not online available.